![]() ![]() In Central and South America, the Mayan, Incan, and Aztec cultures also used leather, as did the American Indians, who made garments from buckskin, doeskin, and buffalo hide. Between the 1300s and the 1600s, several guilds (trade associations) within the leather industry had been formed all over Europe. During the Middle Ages (476 C.E.–1453 C.E.), the Moors introduced the softer cordovan leather (named after Córdoba, Spain), which was made from goatskin. Soldiers of the Roman Empire wore leather shoes and tunics, as well as breastplates and shields. The ancient Phoenicians used leather pipes to transport water from storage containers to their homes. The Greeks discovered that tannin could also be found in walnuts, pomegranate peels, and the bark of conifer trees. The ancient Hebrews first used the tannin from oak bark, which became the popular source of tannin because it grew in many places. This process not only preserved the hides but also gave them softness and flexibility. Tannin to the rescueĮvidence indicates that, thousands of years ago, ancient civilizations, including Egypt, India, and China, used a substance called tannin (or tannicĪcid) found in tree bark to convert animal hides into leather. The timelessness of leather jackets is evident in their popularity among people of all ages all over the world. Today's leather jackets continue to possess the durability and flexibility that early humans found useful. ![]() People also found that hides could be dried with smoke and softened by rubbing with the brains and fats of the animal. This method removed the bacteria that caused decay. Later, people learned to clean the animal cells from the hides by scraping them with stones. Over time, people learned that stretching the hides over frames and then drying them in the sun made them last longer. However, they did not know how to preserve the hides, so that the hides eventually rotted away. They discovered that after using hunted animals for food, they could wear the hides as protection against cold and bad weather. Since early history, humans have used leather to make clothing. The term hide is used in this article for all animals. The term "hide" generally refers to the skin of larger animals, such as cows, while the term "skin" is used for smaller animals, such as calves. Leather is a material made from the hide or skin of animals that has been chemically treated. Cowhide, antelope hide, lambskin, and buckskin are most commonly used to make leather jackets. ![]()
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